College Physics ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 7-.doi: 10.16854 / j.cnki.1000-0712.210633

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Hidden order in complex disordered systems ⎯An introduction to the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics

JIANG Shao⁃qin, YU Xue⁃jia, XU Li⁃mei   

  1. International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2021-12-22 Revised:2021-05-27 Online:2022-02-26 Published:2022-03-02

Abstract: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded half of the 2021 Nobel Prize in

physics to Giorgio Parisi for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in

physical systems from atomic to planetary scales. This article briefly reviews Parisi’ s

contribution to the spin glass theory and stochastic processes.


Key words: complex system, glass and spin glass, replica symmetry breaking, pure state, order parameter function